No, axolotls cannot live without water for their entire lifetime. They are aquatic creatures and require water to survive. Axolotls breathe through gills when they are in their larval stage and through lungs as adults, but they still need to be in a moist environment to keep their skin moist, which is also a crucial means of respiration and hydration for them. Without water, they would be unable to maintain their bodily functions and would not survive.