what will happen if the earth is hit by other planets

If Earth were to be hit by another planet, the consequences would depend on the size, mass, velocity, and angle of impact of the colliding celestial body. Here are some possible scenarios:

1. Small Impacts: If a small asteroid or comet were to collide with Earth, it would likely cause localized destruction, resulting in firestorms, tsunamis, or earthquakes. The resulting dust and debris could also block sunlight, leading to a temporary "winter" effect and damaging ecosystems.

2. Large Impact: A collision with a large planet-sized body would have catastrophic consequences. The impact would release an enormous amount of energy, causing widespread fires, shockwaves, and tsunamis. The debris ejected into the atmosphere could block sunlight for an extended period, leading to a "nuclear winter" scenario that would severely disrupt climate and food chains.

3. Gravitational Disruption: Even if the two planets didn't collide directly, their close encounter could lead to significant gravitational disturbances. This could alter Earth's orbit, tilt, or rotation, potentially causing drastic changes to climate and ecosystems.

4. Extinction Events: A major planetary impact could lead to mass extinctions, similar to the one that is believed to have wiped out the dinosaurs. The immediate effects, such as the impact blast and ensuing fires, would be followed by longer-term climate disruptions that could make it difficult for many species to survive.

5. Atmospheric Changes: The impact would inject large amounts of dust, gases, and vaporized rock into the atmosphere. This could lead to chemical reactions that might alter the composition of the atmosphere, potentially making it inhospitable for life.

6. Earth's Disintegration or Ejection: In extreme cases, a direct hit by a massive celestial body could shatter Earth into fragments or eject it from its solar orbit, effectively ending all life on the planet.

It's important to note that the likelihood of a direct collision with another planet is extremely low due to the vast distances between celestial bodies in space. Our solar system is relatively stable, and the gravitational influences of the Sun and other planets help prevent such catastrophic events.

However, smaller bodies like asteroids and comets do pose a risk, which is why scientists monitor near-Earth objects and develop plans to mitigate potential impacts.