In Roman numerals, the number four is indeed written as "IV" rather than "IIII." The use of "IV" comes from a subtractive principle present in Roman numerals where 1 (represented by "I") is subtracted from 5 (represented by "V"). This is similar to how "IX" represents nine (10 - 1).
Here's how Romans represented numbers:
So, the number 4 is written "IV" because it follows the concept of subtractive notation where "V" minus "I" equals 4. Similarly, 9 is written as "IX" (which is "X" minus "I"), and so on.
The reason behind this system is to optimize the notation and avoid using too many symbols (like four "I"s), thereby making it easier to write and read larger numbers.